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Indications
Ketotifen is indicated in the following conditions-
- For
the prophylactic treatment of bronchial asthma.
- Symptomatic
treatment of allergic conditions including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.
- For
alleviating the complications of itching, pain and tenderness associated
with neurofibroma.
- Symptomatic
treatment of allergy such as hayfever, urticaria.
Pharmacology
Ketotifen has anti-allergic properties and has been used
similarly, to sodium chromoglycate in the prophylactic treatment of asthma. It
also has the properties of an antihistamine. Ketotifen possesses marked
anti-anaphylactic properties and is effective in preventing an asthmatic
attacks. Ketotifen exerts as sustained inhibitory effect on histamine
reactions, which can be clearly dissociated from its anti-anaphylactic
properties. Experimental investigations in asthmatic subjects have shown that
Ketotifen is as effective orally as a selective mast cell stabilizer
administered by inhalation. Antihistamines were ineffective in those tests. The
effectiveness of Ketotifen has been studied in long-term clinical trials.
Asthma attacks were reduced in number, severity and duration and in some cases,
the patients were completely freed from attacks. Progressive reduction of
corticosteroids and/or bronchodilators was also possible. The prophylactic
activity of Ketotifen may take several weeks to become fully established.
Ketotifen will not abort established attacks of asthma.
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Dosage & Administration
Adults: 1 mg twice daily
with food. If necessary the dose may be increased to 2 mg twice daily in severe
cases.
Children above 3 years: 1 mg twice daily
with food. Patients known to be easily sedated should begin treatment with 0.5
to 1 mg at night for the first few days or as directed by the physician.
Use in elderly: Same as adult
dose or as advised by the physician.
* চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ মোতাবেক ঔষধ সেবন করুন'
Interaction
Ketotifen may potentiate the effects of sedatives, hypnotics,
antihistamines and alcohols. A reversible fall in the platelet count has been
observed in a few patients receiving Tifen concomitantly with oral antidiabetic
agents and it has been suggested that this combination should therefore be
avoided.
Contraindications
A reversible fall in the platelet count has been observed in a
few patients receiving Ketotifen concomitantly with oral antidiabetic agent and
it has been suggested that this combination should therefore be avoided.
Although there is no evidence of any teratogenic effect, recommendations for
Ketotifen in pregnancy or when breast feeding can not be given.
Side Effects:
Drowsiness and in isolated cases, dry mouth and slight dizziness may
occur at the beginning of treatment but usually disappear spontaneously after a
few days.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Although there is no evidence of any teratogenic effect, Ketotifen
in pregnancy and lactation is not recommended.
Precautions & Warnings
It is important to continue the previous treatment for a minimum of
two weeks after starting Ketotifen to avoid the possibility of exacerbation of
asthma. This applies specially to systemic corticosteroids and ACTH because of
the possible existence of adrenocortical insufficiency in steroid dependent
patient. If inter current infection occurs, Ketotifen treatment must be
supplemented by specific antimicrobial therapy. During the first day of
treatment with Ketotifen, reactions may be impaired and patients should be
warned not to take charge of vehicle or machinery until the effect of Ketotifen
treatment on the individual is known. Patients should be advised to avoid
alcoholic drinks. Ketotifen may potentiate the effects of sedatives, hypnotics,
antihistamines and alcohol.
Overdose Effects
The reported features of overdosage include confusion,
drowsiness, headache, bradycardia, respiratory depression etc. should be
watched for. Elimination of the drug with gastric lavage or emessis is
recommended. Otherwise, general supportive treatment is all that is required
shall be instituted.
Therapeutic Class
Cromoglycate & related drugs
Storage Conditions
Store in a cool and dry place, protect from light. Keep out of
the reach of children.
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